小日向白朗は、17歳(1917年)で新潟県三条から単身でシベリア単騎横断で有名な福島安正中佐に憧れ、中国、チベットを調査しながら、ドイツを目指そうと朝鮮を経由し中国に渡る。当時の中国では清朝の衰退によって治安が悪化し、盗賊、流族や悪徳官僚などがはびこり、それを守るために民衆は土匪・匪賊と呼ばれる地域自衛集団(日本では馬賊)が生まれていた。
そんな治安悪化の中国では、帝国陸軍に依頼され諜報活動の一環としてモンゴルへ向かうが、現地の馬賊に囚われ、命と引き換えに楊青山の部下雑役夫となり九死一生をえた。
白朗は、馬番雑役夫ままでは自分の大陸に渡った初心を貫けないと思い、馬賊決死隊に志願した。
ます敵の城壁を単身飛び越え、生死の瀬戸際で門を開け戦勝の突破口をつくり大手柄をなした。それから中国人の馬賊の仲間から信頼され、各地にある馬賊の「包頭」という一班長になり、後には中語人として中国全土馬賊の総頭目となった。
中国人としての白朗はさながら”七人の侍”が如し、庶民のために当時中国各地に出没する山賊、流族や悪徳官僚などと悪と戦った。また満州での日本帝国軍に対しても抗日運動に関わった。
今まで馬賊王 日本人小日向白朗と言われているが、実際は「賊」という言葉は誤りで、日本人が持っている「義」で中国民を助けた「馬義」か「馬援」と言ったほうがいいですかー。
元々中国では「自衛組織」遊撃隊のような集団で土匪・匪賊と呼ばれていた。
「馬賊」という名称は、満州国建国において、帝国軍日本人側からみた呼び名であり、中国側からは抗日する悪いイメージをうえさしたからそのなが一般的に成ったからです。
故に小日向白朗学会としては、この「賊」のイマージ汚名を返上し、小日向白朗氏の中米日への偉大な功績を研究し皆さんに知って頂きたいと思う所存であります。
なお、小日向白朗氏の戦前・戦中 中国満州での生き様の様子は下記の書籍で読むことが出来ます。
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